Stern S.A.M. System Repair

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1 Introduction

The first full production game to use the S.A.M. Board Set was World Poker Tour in 2006. The last production game was The Walking Dead (Limited Edition) in 2014. One of the features of the S.A.M. board set is that the software can be updated with a USB stick.

S.A.M., as an abbreviation, has never been officially explained—but Sam Stern was Gary Stern's father, and formerly ran Williams and Stern Electronics.

2 Games

Title	Date of Release	Model #	Versions	Notes
World Poker Tour	2006	I-0088	Pro
The Simpsons Kooky Carnival (Redemption Game)			Redemption
Pirates of the Caribbean	2006	I-0092	Pro
Family Guy	2007	I-0093	Pro
Spider Man (Stern)	2007	I-0094	Pro, Black-Suited
Wheel of Fortune	2007	I-0098	Pro
Shrek	2008	I-00A5	Pro
Indiana Jones 4	2008	I-00A4	Pro
Batman (Stern)	2008		Pro, "Standard"	The "standard" model was a low production run test of a stripped down version of the game targeted at the home market.
CSI: Crime Scene Investigation	2008	I-00A2	Pro
24	2009		Pro
NBA	2009		Pro
Big Buck Hunter Pro	2010		Pro
Iron Man	2010		Pro, Classic	The "classic" model was a stripped down version aimed at the home market.
Avatar	2010		Pro, Limited Edition
The Rolling Stones (Stern)	2011		Pro, Limited Edition
Tron	2011	I-00B9	Pro, Limited Edition
Transformers	2011	I-00C3	Pro, Limited Edition	The limited edition games featured 3 variations, Autobot, Decepticon, and the "combo" edition.
AC/DC	2012		Pro, Premium, Limited Edition	The limited edition included variations based on different AC/DC albums.
X-Men	2012	I-00D1	Pro, Limited Edition	The limited edition included 2 variations, the Wolverine and Magneto editions.
Avengers	2013		Pro, Premium, Limited Edition	The limited edition included 2 variations, the regular and Hulk editions.
Metallica	2013	I-00E1	Pro, Premium, Limited Edition
Star Trek (Stern)	2013	I-00E4	Pro, Premium, Limited Edition, Vault
Mustang (Stern)	2014	I-00F1	Pro, Premium, Limited Edition
The Walking Dead	2014	I-00F5	Pro, Limited Edition

3 Recommended Documentation

3.1 Manuals

As always, it is highly recommended to possess a game manual. Every game manual is full of detailed information regarding game specific switch, lamp, and coil assignments. Equally, details for maneuvering through test, audit, and bookkeeping screen menus, schematics for all boards used, and game specific mechanical assemblies are included. Hard copy game manuals can be purchased through several of the recommended pinball parts suppliers.

Since Avatar Pro Stern no longer includes printed manuals with it's Pro models. You usually get a few sheets of junk they call documentation but it's insufficient if you need to repair your game. The yellow section is mostly absent and schematics for newer boards are not included or useless photocopies (see AC/DC LE pdf files). Good luck if you have a problem here. You can only hope this changes again because the Pro modells are targeted to operators.

As of April 2014, The Stern website no longer archives PDF S.A.M. schematics. However, individual game manuals are available on their respective game pages. A game index can be found in the right margin on the "buy" page here.

Stern Pinball makes Technical Service Bulletins available on their website here.

3.1.1 Documentation Errors/Addendums

• Tron Premium/LE: In the game manual, some of the part numbers for the coils and lamps listed on page 12 were not correct. Corrected in service bulletin 175.

3.2 Service Bulletins

Service bulletins detailed any problems or issues with games that were discovered after they were released.

Service Bulletin	Date	Game(s)	Summary	Notes
186	2015-08-27	KISS, Metallica, X-Men	Scoop switch adjustment
183	2015-01-23	The Walking Dead LE and Premium	Bicycle Girl Ramp enhancement kit
182	2013-09-05	Metallica LE and Premium	New firmware for the magnet processor board
181	2012-03-22	AC/DC	AC/DC (Pro), (LE), and (Premium) model CPU boards.
180	2012-03-22	Tron LE, Transformers LE, & AC/DC LE	Tron L/E, Transformers LE, & AC/DC LE Service Note	820-8020-00 fuse chart decal referenced in service bulletin.
179	2012-01-13	Transformers LE	Technical Update kit # 502-6798-C4
178	2011-12-13	General	The S.A.M. CPU board system with new USB
177	2011-11-29	Big Buck Hunter, Iron Man, Avatar, Avatar LE, The Rolling Stones, The Rolling Stones LE, Tron, and Tron LE	Software Update
176	2011-06-28	Tron	Shooter Lane Up-post
175	2011-06-28	Tron	Service Note	Corrections for coils and flash lamp part numbers on page 12 of the game manual
174	2008-03-24	Black Spider-Man / Spider-Man	Shaker Motor Feature Adjustment Defaults to NONE.
173	2008-02-08	Wheel of Fortune	Wheel Alignment and Scoring Bug Found in Versions Prior to 5.0.
172	2007-12-05	Wheel of Fortune + New Titled Future Productions	Voltage Variations: With Jumper Plugs, It's Made Easy
171	2007-07-25	Family Guy	Stewie Mini-Playfield Disabled
170	2007-02-21	Family Guy and future games	Games Manufactured for North America cannot be shipped to Europe.
169	2007-01-23	Pirates of the Caribbean	Symptom: Erratic spinning or no movement at all on the Spinning Disk Assembly (upper left hand corner of the playfield).
168	2006-12-28	Pirates of the Caribbean	Symptom: One or more playfield posts have become loose (see Fig. 1). After retightening the posts, they work loose again.
167	2006-10-20	S.A.M. System Games	FYI: Fuses, Voltages and Status LED Indicators on our S.A.M. System Games
165	2006-09-19	World Poker Tour	Drop Target(s) May Not Reset Properly
164	2006-08-22	World Poker Tour, Pirates of the Caribbean and Future S.A.M. System Pinballs	FYI : How To Update Your Game Code
163	2006-07-24	World Poker Tour	Game Resets/Multiball Problem

4 Technical Info

4.1 The S.A.M. Board Set

Stern SAM Boardset (from Tron LE)

The S.A.M. System board set consists of three boards in the back box. The CPU / Sound board, I/O Power Driver board, and the Display Power supply. Later SAM games, which use LED dot matrix displays (versus high voltage plasma displays) do not employ the display power supply. Later SAM games which use LEDs in place of incandescent bulbs for all playfield lighting, add an additional board to power the LEDs, and on LE games, a board to control these LEDs.

The basic S.A.M. board set is a miniaturized version of the Whitestar board architecture. The board set is dimensionally reduced and manufactured with some surface mount components. The logic functionality is easily traceable back to the Whitestar board set.

4.1.1 SAM CPU/Sound Board

• The various generations of the Stern SAM CPU board
• 

  Stern first generation CPU/Sound Board 520-5246-00 Revision G. Note Jumpers which were incorporated into the PCB with Revision H
• 

  Stern first generation CPU/Sound Board 520-5246-00 Revision G, back side. Note the jumper
• 

  Stern first generation CPU/Sound Board 520-5246-00 Revision H (up to Tron).
  The adaptor is not part of the CPU. It's used in the White Star test fixture.
• 

  Stern first generation CPU/Sound Board 520-5303-03 Revision H. This board is identical to 520-5246-00 but factory programmed differently to run the Limited Edition Code (here Tron LE).
  
• 

  Stern second generation SAM CPU/Sound Board 520-5246-02 (Transformers and forward). The USB controller chip on this board changed to an FTDI VNC2-48L1B - Vinculum-II Programmable USB 2.0 Host. This is the AC/DC version of the board with 2 64 MBit flash roms 520-5337-01 (Pro) 520-5337-00 (Premium/LE).
• 

  Another Stern second generation SAM CPU/Sound Board 520-5352-00 (Star Trek Pro) 520-5352-01 (Star Trek Premium). To make life for operators, repairmen and collectors easier Stern released another version of this CPU with Star Trek Pro/LE. It is identical to 520-5337-00/-01 but only has one 64 MB flashrom. If you need to buy a replacement make sure you get the right version. They are not interchangable. Same goes for the bootrom.

Up until now there are five versions of the SAM CPU/Sound board. The first version had several minor revisions over its lifetime, but they can all be used in all games up to Tron. The first revision of this board used in World Poker Tour has some problems with USB 2.0 sticks. If you own this game, see that you can find an old 32MB stick. They usually work fine. Second one has some hardware modifications in the circuit for the Atmel AT43USB380 chip. Starting with Transformers the USB controller became unavailable and was replaced with a different chip on the CPU. Number changed to 520-5246-02 and that makes three. All these boards use a 32 MB flash rom. With AC/DC space was running out and two 64 MB flash roms are used. To save a few bucks, Star Trek Pro and LE are fitted with only one 64 MB flash rom adding another variant to the pot.

The LE and Premium models use a variation of the Pro board. The programmed chips on them are different and so they are not interchangeable. Trying to use Premium software on the Pro or vice versa is not possible. A hardware mismatch error message will be shown. For a complete list of games up to X-MEN with their board numbers see Service Bulletin #178.

Games after X-MEN use the following boards:

Game Name	CPU Bd. No.	I/O PWR DRV Bd. No.	6-Trans. DRV Bd. No.	LED Bd. No.	U9 Pinball Boot ROM	Remark
Avengers Pro	520-5246-02	520-5249-00			V2.0
Avengers Premium and LE	520-5303-04	520-5317-00			V2.0
Metallica Pro	520-5337-01	520-5249-00			128MB V1.0	same as AC/DC just has an updated bootrom
Metallica Premium and LE	520-5337-00	520-5317-00			128MB V1.0	same as AC/DC just has an updated bootrom
Star Trek Pro	520-5352-00	520-5249-00 (Rev. D)	520-5326-01	none	64MB V1.0
Star Trek Premium and LE	520-5352-01	520-5317-00	t.b.d.		64MB V1.0
Mustang Pro	520-5352-00	520-5249-00 (Rev. D)	none	520-6822-00	64MB V1.0
Mustang Premium and LE	520-5352-01	520-5249-00 (Rev. D)	t.b.d.	t.b.d.	64MB V1.0
The Walking Dead Pro	520-5337-01	520-5249-00 (Rev. D)	t.b.d.	t.b.d.	128MB V1.0
The Walking Dead Premium and LE	520-5337-00	520-5249-00 (Rev. D)	t.b.d.	t.b.d.	128MB V1.0

Message displayed when US/European boards are mismatched.

To make things worse, the boards for 50 Hz countries are programmed differently to prevent cheaper direct imports from the US. This doubles all of the board variants. Thank you Stern. NOT!

An attempt to use mismatched 50/60Hz boards will yield the message shown at left.

S.A.M. is now at the end of its life. A completely new system named SPIKE™ has been developed based on an earlier revision of it being used in the Stern home model pinball machines referred to as "The Pin". This new platform is first used in the Stern WWE Wrestlemania pinball machine.

4.1.1.1 SAM CPU/Sound Board Connectors

The S.A.M. CPU/Sound Board Connector Specification.

4.1.2 SAM I/O Power Driver Board

Stern SAM Powerdriver 520-5249-00 Revision A

520-5249-00 Revision A
Power, fuses, bridge rectifiers. GI relay, coil and flasher drivers.

The adapter in the pic on the left is not part of the board and only used on the Stern White Star test fixture.

Stern SAM Driver Board 520-5249-00 Revision D

520-5249-00 Revision D
This version uses the surface mount VND5160J driver in place of the VN02N solid state relay. The VND5160J are located at U10, 12, 14, and 16 near J13 on the left side of the driver board. This board was used in Iron Man Vault Edition and other SAM games with LED controlled insert lamps (see above table in the CPU/Sound board section).

Stern SAM 520-5317-00 Driver Board

The Revised Lamp Matrix Section of the Stern SAM 520-5317-00 Driver Board

Starting with the LE and Premium edition games Stern now uses a new driver board. The lamp section in the lower left corner of the board has been replaced with a programmable Xilinx CPLD controlling the LED lamp boards (see image at right). As Stern (and Sega before Stern) has done for previous PALs and CPLDs, a color coded paint dot on the device indicates the software revision level that it has been programmed with.

Since these games used LEDs exclusively, 18VDC is no longer needed and as such, that power circuit has been removed from the board.

The 5V section has been completely overhauled, replacing the previously used LM317 and it's large heat sink with a small, integrated DC-to-DC converter, part number APXW005A0X3-SRZ. About 13VAC is rectified by BRDG4 and smoothed with two 15,000uf/25V filter caps connected in parallel. The resulting 21VDC is presented to the DC-to-DC converter which regulates it down to 5VDC.

The 3.3V device, a DS1832, shown in-situ. Note that this SOP-8 form factor chip does not have the traditional "pin 1" marking.

A DS1832 3.3V Voltage Watchdog and Reset Generator is used on this board, as shown at left.

4.1.2.1 SAM I/O Power Driver Board Connectors

The S.A.M. I/O Power Driver Board Connector Specification.

Note that this board pinout is valid for driver boards made prior to the change to the lamp matrix drive circuit.

4.1.3 Display Power Supply

Stern 520-5138-00 Display Power Supply

SAM games equipped with high voltage gas plasma dot matrix displays use the same 520-5138-00 Display Power Supply as the Sega/Stern White Star games. These high voltage power supplies are pretty beefy but often become quite toasty, making the traces very fragile to repair.

4.1.4 128 x 32 Dot Matrix Display

Because of the RoHS law, European models from POTC to Family Guy use a modified PinLED DMD. Later games use a 520-5052-05 Red LED DMD. Starting with Transformers, Stern games use a low voltage LED 128 x 32 dot matrix display (part # 520-5052-15). It's different from the -05 variant. It uses brighter Orange/Red LED segments and different TTL chips. The LED dot matrix displays are comprised of 64 discrete 8x8 LED matrix displays.

All US Stern games before AC/DC use a 128 x 32 "standard" plasma dot matrix display (part # 520-5052-00). With AC/DC, Stern also started to use LED DMDs in US models, completing the phase-out of plasma displays in their games.

• Stern Red 520-5052-05 5VDC LED DMD
• 
• 

• 

  Close up of the 8x8 LED blocks used on the LED DMD
• 

  Close up of SSOP 24 pin column drive IC. TI Part number TLC5926IDBQR is a valid sub

4.1.5 Other Stern PCBs

4.1.5.1 Grinder Board 520-5331-00

Stern 520-5331-00 Grinder Board

The "Grinder" board acts as a distribution and control center for various strings of LEDs on the playfield. It was probably introduced with the SPIKE game system but also is used in some "vault" games as this one was in an AC/DC Premium vault edition game with a 2018 production date.

4.2 USB Code Update

Note: this information can be found on the front inside cover of S.A.M. System Game Manuals.

Step 1) Open the Back Box
Step 2) On the CPU/Sound board set Dip Switch #8 to "ON".
Step 3) Press the white Reset Button (S1 RESET) or power cycle the game.
Step 4) The DMD should show the current software version installed. Press the "SELECT" button on the inside of the coin door to continue.
Step 5) Highlight the "UPDT" icon on the display and press "SELECT".
Step 6) The game will prompt you to insert the USB Memory Stick.
Step 7) Pick the correct file on the USB drive and press the "SELECT" Button.
Step 8) Follow the directions on the display.

Warning: If you live in a country with a power line frequency of 50Hz, like any country in Europe, do not update your game code when turning the game on for the first time ever. As of 06/29/2012, there is a bug in either the system code or the update code. Doing so will usually wipe out the country lock code from the game. The CPU will need to be exchanged. See Stern Service bulletin 170. Let the game remain in attract mode a few minutes or play a few games with the old software first. This has been observed with a Batman Dark Knight and ACDC/LE.

4.3 Accessing Bookkeeping, Settings, and Diagnostic Modes

SAM coin door buttons

20v / 50v Interlock Kill Switch

With the switch to the SAM system, Stern added a fourth switch to the coin door diagnostics switch bank. For people who are accustomed to entering diagnostics on Williams WPC games, this four button set up will feel much more natural.

Located just inside the coin door on the hinge side is an interlock style "kill" switch. This kill switch is used to kill all power to the solenoids, when the coin door is opened. Since it is an interlock style switch, it can either be depressed (when the coin door is closed), or it can be extended outward to turn the switch on. To extend the switch to the on position when the coin door is open, grasp the switch, and gently pull it out to the lock position.

This kill switch is a double pole switch. Wiring to one pole of the kill switch is BLK-YEL and BLK-YEL, while the other is RED-WHT to WHT-RED—yes, the colors do not match!

4.4 The New Stern LED Lamp System

Stern developed a new serial lamp control system for the release of Tron Limited Edition. This system uses a serial protocol to control playfield LEDs.

There are three components to the system

• the serial bus, which carries clock, data, power and strobe signals
• lamp boards, typically strips, which carry a serial LED controller for on-board LEDs and satellite LEDs
• LED satellite boards, which solder to the lamp boards.

The lamp boards daisy chain. Therefore, the controller can feed, say, 8 bytes of serial data to the lamp boards and strobe the data in, turning on or off 64 LEDs. This system is potentially expandable to hundreds of controlled lamps, breaking the constraints of the traditional lamp matrix. The lamp boards and LED boards can be assembled outside the game,simplifying the production and assembly of the wiring harness.

The controller used is an STP16DPS05. This device controls 16 LEDs, and uses a constant current output. Therefore, it needs no current limiting series resistors, although Stern has implemented series resistors on the satellite boards. [any ideas here?] The driver is also capable of reporting short and open LEDs, but it is unknown if Stern has implemented this feature.

In terms of diagnosis, one failed board could disable the entire system. The STP16DPS05 is a likely candidate for failure if an LED satellite board tangles with GI or other voltages. Replacing the chip is tricky as it has a full-contact heat transfer pad on the underside, which is difficult to heat properly without hot air or IR equipment.

It may also be useful to have a z-connector on hand to jump around a failed board. This will result in incorrect light patterns, but will at least demonstrate that the system is driving the daisy chain.

4.5 Optional Accessories

4.5.1 Knocker

The "token dispenser" option transistor can still be used to drive a knocker, and the body of the game still has a connector for the signal. A step-up circuit is required because Q24 is a low-voltage output. 520-5254-00 does a good job, but it means finding connections for solenoid ground, solenoid +50V, and solenoid +20V (if your board is the newer revision, which the new ones are).

On the new-style mostly-metal heads (Star Trek and later) there is no good place to add the knocker in the head anymore.

See also Sega/Stern_White_Star_Repair#Adding_a_Real_Knocker_to_White_Star_Games; directions are similar, but not quite identical.

4.5.2 Slam Switch

Most SAM games support an optional slam tilt switch, a feature missing on most Stern/Sega games back into the Whitestar era. The slam switch guards against abuse, but it also provides a convenient way to reset the game on ball 1 when it's not going so well.

On early SAM games, an optional switch can easily be installed to add the slam tilt feature. Part is 502-5032-00, available from parts suppliers including Marco. This installs neatly into the coin door with the center gusset surrounding the sticker with the game's name.

On later coin doors (the center gusset is gone, and the dollar bill validator blank is larger) there is no place to mount the switch, but the harness still has the optional slam connector. If adding a slam switch is still desirable, Suzo-Happ part 95-4176-00 can be used. This mounts over the lock. A connector will still need to be added to go into the existing harness, but no diode is required.

4.5.3 Tournament button

Early games (like WPT) have a tournament button on the lockdown bar. This may not be useful in home use, but it can be annoying to connect and disconnect when opening the lockdown bar. The entire "guts" of the button can be removed instead, keeping the button on the lockdown bar but making it nonfunctional, and making it easier to open the lockdown bar. Alternatively, Cliffy sells a kit for remounting the button in the dollar bill validator hole on the coin door.

Later games have the tournament button embedded into the cabinet below the start button.

Early games have a 5-pin .062 Molex connector in the coin door wiring harness for adding the button. A kit is available from the usual suspects that wires up to the hole on the lockdown bar. Marco lists this kit as 500-6587-06-TK.

Later games have a bunch of QD wires in the wiring harness, but they don't go through a single connector anymore. In this case, only the button is required. Pinball Life lists this part under a similar part number. The connectors are in the wiring harness leading to the coin door and can be pretty well hidden.

The switch between these two is (maybe? probably?) when the tournament button moved from the lockdown bar to the front of the cabinet. (Wheel of Fortune may be the game where this changed?)

4.5.4 Shaker Motor Kit

On many (but not all) S.A.M games, a shaker motor can be added by using either a genuine Stern shaker motor kit or a third party shaker motor kit. Some games have a factory-installed harness for the shaker, saving the trouble of installing one included with the kit.

Genuine Stern shaker motor kit This includes the wiring harness.

Third party Shaker Motor Kit This does not indicate that it includes the wiring harness.

If you have a machine with a damaged or worn out shaker motor, you can purchase just the "motor only" to repair your machine's shaker motor.

Replacement Shaker Motor Only

4.5.5 Playfield Slide Brackets Kit

Some PRO models did not come with playfield slide brackets. Without them, it is difficult to service things at the rear of the playfield. Pinball Life has reproduced these brackets as a set. Once installed, it's much easier to service things at the rear of the playfield.

SAM cabinet Playfield Slide Brackets Kit

5 Problems and Solutions

5.1 Game is Completely Dead

If the game does absolutely nothing when the power switch is turned on, first check the primary 8A slo-blo fuse (domestic games) located at the power box in the front right of the machine. If the fuse is mildly blown, replace the fuse, and see if the game turns on now. If the fuse is violently blown, remove the 4 screws which secure the power box to the cabinet, and flip it over. See if the varistor has blown. A tell tale sign of the varistor blown are black scorching on the inside of the box in the vicinity of the varistor. Replace the varistor with a 130V version.

• Stern SAM Power Box and Replacement of Varistor
• 

  Stern SAM Power Box
• 

  Tell tale sign that the varistor had blown. This was due to a lightning strike.
• 

  Replacement 130V varistor installed
• 

  Blown primary fuse and varistor

5.2 S.A.M. Fuse Table

Fuse table listing for S.A.M. games

All S.A.M. games use fuses as enumerated at left.

5.3 5VDC Power Issue

An issue of low 5VDC from the power/driver board that seems to happen somewhat frequently is caused by the lack of connection between the LM338K heat sink and ground. This is caused by the extra circular heat sink that is coated with black oxide and can isolate the screws and therefore the LM338K case from ground. The correction for this issue is simple. Remove the two screws. scratch the black oxide from the heat sink so that the screws can now "make" with the regulator case. Or, simply remove the extra heat sink.

5.4 MPU boot issues

5.4.1 Game with CPU Rev F resets during game play

This is mostly a problem with CPU boards from World Poker Tour. The first boards had a problem with the Flash ROM which caused random reboots or lockups during gameplay see Service Bulletin #163.

The service bulletin doesn't show which changes were made or which boards are affected. Unfortunately not all boards seem to have been modified at this point in time. A used game which has the old CPU in it can still be bought, either because the operator was lazy or swapped boards. Stern doesn't seem to be interested in fixing the problem free at charge after 8 years, and doesn't even respond to queries about it.

So if this problem is experienced, first check if the board is one of the affected boards. If the CPU is 520-5246-00 Rev. F, it's a likely candidate.

Next, check if it has already been modified. See if a thin green wire goes to the chip at location U44. This is the 29GL256N Flash ROM which holds the game code. There are usually two other green wires near the power connector J11 from an earlier factory hot fix which have nothing to do with this problem. They deal with RAM issues and all Rev. F boards should have them.

If the modification has not been made, try first to resolve the issue with the seller or Stern. If the issue cannot be resolved, continue below.

To modify the board, experience in SMT soldering of very fine pitch parts is needed. Also it's a $500 PCB, so if something goes awry don't blame PinWiki.

Two modifications are needed on the front and back of the board:

Modified Board Back Side

A revision G board with factory applied modifications - front

Modified Board Front Side

A revision G board with factory applied modifications - back

First, cut the trace at location 1 on the backside of the board. This is going to the OE# pin 34 of the 29GL256. It will need to be rewired to the NRD/NOE pin 49 of the U42 Xilinx CPLD. To do this run a wire between location 2 and 3. Check the work by measuring continuity between pin 41 of U13 and pin 34 of the Flash ROM.

Next comes the tricky part. CE# pin 32 needs to be rewired directly at the Flash ROM. Location 4 at the front picture. First cut the trace at this pin. It's the fourth counting from the right and is around 5mm long. It's connected to ground, so double check that it's open after cutting, or damage of U42 will likely occur. Then, run a wire from pin 32 to location 5 on the picture. This is the original trace previously running to pin 34. It's the chip select for the Flash ROM pin 71 GF0 coming from U42.

This modification properly connects the Flash ROM Output Enable and Chip Select pins. Something which Stern should have done in the first place. Also the schematics are wrong and don't show this. Revision G CPUs still had this and some other modifications done by the factory. Only with Revision H the pcb was changed and the schematics on Sterns website and in all manuals only show the revision G CPU. The barely readable Avengers LE schematics show the correct wiring for the Flash ROM despite being for the later SAM CPU with different USB.

While it runs stable afterwards there is unfortunately a problem with this modification. The Flash ROM can no longer be written to. Updates will fail. OE# needs to be held high during a write cycle and this doesn't happen. To remedy this, it is likely that U42 will have to be reprogrammed. The owner of the modified board here had the latest WPT update already flashed, and didn't want to risk bricking it so this has not been done yet.

5.4.2 Game with CPU Rev F or G does not boot

As stated in an earlier section the Rev. F and G 520-5246-00 CPUs had the chip select inputs to the Flash ROM modified. If your game doesn't boot check if one of the two wires for the modification has come loose. This can happen because not enough solder and/or flux was used doing the connections. This can be verified by putting the game into update mode (setting dip switch 8 to ON). If the CPU boots here check the connection first.

5.4.3 12V Not Detected, Check Fuses F12, F13

Message displayed with loose LM338K voltage regulator nuts/screws.

The message shown at left is sometimes the result of the two nuts holding the LM338K voltage regulator on the driver board becoming loose. Tightening those two nuts may correct the issue.

5.4.4 Relocating the battery from the MPU board

The Stern S.A.M. system uses a single 3v lithium CR2430 "button cell" for its memory backup. These cells have very long life and are not prone to electrolyte leakage so you do not need to do this.

If you really, really want to relocate the battery, use a 2 cell holder, with two AA batteries. No blocking diode is required.

5.7 Lamp problems

5.7.1 Overview of The Lamp Matrix

• • • This section in work. I've copied it from the WhiteStar section. Chris Hibler***

The early S.A.M. lamp matrix is an 8 column, 10 row lamp matrix, powered by 18V, just like the WhiteStar Lamp Matrix. In later S.A.M. games, the lamp matrix implementation was abandoned in favor of a serial bus controlled implementation.

Lamp matrix power is derived from 13VAC presented to the I/O Driver board at J17, pins 8 and 9, via the transformer secondary winding. The circuit is fused by F22, an 8ASB fuse. BRDG20, a 35A bridge rectifier creates the 18VDC which is then smoothed by two 15,000uf/25V filter capacitors at C201 and C202. Of interest is the combined filtering of 30,000uf matches the original lamp matrix filtering capacity of old Williams System 3 games. When lit, LED202 indicates the presence of 18VDC power.

A blown fuse at F22 probably indicates a shorted bridge at BRDG20.

Components of the first revision of the S.A.M. I/O Driver Board Lamp Matrix

Lamp rows are implemented with STP19N06L or STP20NF06L FETs, controlled by the 74HCT273 at U6 on the I/O Driver Board. 39K current limiting resistors protect the 74HCT273 from sinking too much power. The 74HCT273 is strobed (enabled) via the LMPSTB which originates at U205 (a 74LS138 at U205, pin 15).

If a STP19N06L (or STP20NF06L) transistor fails, it can be replaced with an IRL530N or an IRL540N. However, using an IRL530/540 has been known to create "ghosting" or "always dimly lit" behavior in the lamp row. If the original part can be obtained, this possibility can be eliminated. An IRFnnn (i.e. IRF530) or BUZ22 can not be used as a replacement.

Lamp columns are implemented by the obsolete VN02N PENTAWATT solid state relay (5 legs). They are controlled by the 74HCT273 at U18 on the I/O Driver Board. 18VDC is "strobed" to the lamp column headers. The 74HCT273 is strobed (enabled) via the LMPDRV which originates at U205 (a 74LS138 at U205, pin 13).

A replacement for the obsolete VN02N has not been identified. In addition to the WhiteStar I/O Driver board, VN02Ns were used on Capcom driver boards.

Be sure to check the fuse clips for the controlled lights. They go bad from either metal fatigue or they crack. This causes poor, erratic, or no connection with the fuse and thus, no lights.

If IDC sockets are used for lamp sockets, be sure that the wires are well seated in the IDC connection.

5.8 Switch problems

If a switch isn't working. The three most common things I've seen is. 1- crappy switch, even if new. 2- if wires go into a IDC connector nearby, be sure they are seated good and making electrical contact. 3- broken wire at switch, or inside casing or harness, easy to quick check continuity of wiring.

5.9 Display problems

5.9.1 DMD LED to Plasma conversion

Starting with Pirates of the Caribbean, Stern replaced the normal Plasma Dot Matrix Display on European models with an LED variant because of the RoHS law. They first used PinLED DMDs, and later, switched to a red DMD specifically made for them (520-5052-05). The debate which looks better will be going on for your remaining lifetime and continue right into your next few lives, but here, we show how to replace the LED DMD with a standard Plasma Dot Matrix Display.

The following parts are needed:

• 1 x 520-5138-00 Stern Display Power Supply Board
• 1 x 036-5454-01 SAM DMD Display Cable
• 1 x 535-9769-00 PCB Metal Mounting Plate (Display)
• 1 x 830-6053-00 Plastic Cover Danger High Voltage
• 2 x 254-5000-05 1-1/4" x 3/8 Plastic Spacer Grey
• 2 x 237-5975-00 #8 x 3/8 SHWHSec (Zinc) Screw
• 2 x 02-4425-2 Machine Post/Stud standard metall threaded posts with #8 bottom and #8 top (for the gray spacers).
• 2 x #8-32 Nylon Insert Lock Nut
• 4 x #6 x 1/2" Wood Screw to mount the unit in the backbox

You can get all these parts from your favorite pinball dealer. I got them from Pinball Life. If they are not on the web page, ask.

You need to first assemble the High Voltage unit. Assembled it looks like this one here:

• Stern SAM High Voltage Unit
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Just screw it into the backbox of your Pinball over a ground strap:

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The cable which goes into the left side is somewere hidden in the wiring harness of your pinball:

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The LED DMD plugs into your wiring harness with a 2 pin connector. You need to remove the connector and connect the 5V line to you DMD HV unit. You should find the corresponding 2 pin plug which matches the one on the picture nearby. Warning: the wires should be red and black. At least in Family Guy and Shrek there is a similar connector with 2 brown or black wires with color stripes nearby. This one is for the optional knocker kit. Make sure you do not connect this one to your DMD 5V line. Doing so will take out the DMD and the SAM CPU beyond repair! If unsure measure the voltage on this connector first.

If your game uses a PinLED LED DMD, a small PCB is connected to connector J5 on the SAM CPU. Take this one out and install the ribbon cable directly in J5 on the SAM CPU. Now you just need to replace the DMD with a standard plasma DMD and, voila!, it should work.

5.9.2 LED DMD Entire Column Lit Constantly

A Failed LED block on Stern 5VDC LED Display.

Another example of a failed LED block. Image courtesy of PinSider Kawydud.

The column driver chip used on this display.

If a game is always showing a semi-bright column on the DMD, one of the LED blocks has failed. Fortunately, the failed block is still fairly easy to obtain. As shown at left, one pixel in the column is dark. The 8x8, 1.9mm LED block that contains this "pixel" should be replaced. Stern can supply replacement blocks. As of April, 2021, they could also be obtained from Marco Specialties and perhaps other sellers.

When replacing a block, be advised that the vias are quite small. The blocks are difficult to remove without the proper equipment and expertise.

5.10 Sound problems

5.10.1 No Sound

The PCM1755DBQ D-to-A Converter. Pin 1 is lower, right.

A problem which has been seen in both first and second generation S.A.M. boards is a complete loss of sound in an otherwise completely working system. Reflashing the system will not correct the issue. Even though all voltage indication LEDs on the Power/Driver board will be illuminated and the game plays normally, there will be no sound. This problem has been traced to a failure of the PCM1755DBQ digital-to-analog converter (DAC) at U16 on the S.A.M. CPU/IO MPU board. If the game is exhibiting these symptoms, the only solution is to replace U16 which is a 16-pin SSOP (shrink small outline package). This is a very small surface mount component that measures approximately 5 x 6 mm (including the chip legs). As a result, replacement should not be attempted without the proper skills and equipment. Normally, replacement of this component will return sound to the game.

Note: Volume of the "knocker" sound remains constant irrespective of sound volume setting. That is, even with the sound volume set to zero, the (quite annoying) knocker sound will be the same "normal" volume.

5.10.2 Volume Control Bug

In early SAM games, if the simulated knocker is activated (the annoying loud "twip"), the sound level may increase to full volume after a replay is awarded. This is a bug in the basic operating system code. The bug was fixed in newer games but Stern didn't release updated ROMs for older games. This bug has been observed in WPT, Family Guy and Shrek. The workaround is to disable the simulated knocker. If a knocker sound is still desired, a real knocker can be installed as the games support it.

5.11 Flipper problems

See Common Flipper Troubleshooting for general flipper information.

Like Stern's previous system, flipper coils in SAM games are solenoid coils that are duty-cycled. Unlike traditional flippers, the flipper coil is single-wound like other solenoids. The initial "kick" is done at full power, then the coil is software duty-cycled to keep it in the "hold" up position. The EOS switch serves to tell the game when it needs to re-kick the flipper.

Unlike other systems (including WhiteStar), no diodes are required to be on the flipper coils. These have been incorporated into the solenoid driver board. A diode on the flipper coil indicates likely replacement. It won't hurt, but it does provide an opportunity to wire the coil backwards.

Mechanically, the flippers are identical to the WhiteStar flippers and use the same parts. (The design is very similar to the Williams WPC/System 11 design.)

Major wear points are the coil stop, flipper link, and coil plunger. If these have deformed (and they will, because a flipper essentially pulverizes itself during game play), the flipper will lose power and won't play as well. Every few thousand games, a rebuild kit can be installed to restore the flippers to factory performance.

Coils hum. (They jiggle in their mount.) The way they are power cycled causes some of this. They get noisier with use. Filing the plunger end and coil stop smooth can alleviate this, as would a rebuild kit.

5.13 Opto problems

Stern's SAM era optos are a bright, visible red. Unlike Williams', Stern (and Sega and Data East) chose to show the switch as open when the opto receiver can see the sender's light, like any other switch.

Optos are connected to a board in pairs. Both the sender and receiver are the same part, so one way to verify if the receiver is working is to plug it into the sender's pins. That is, just reverse the two cables.

A common failure point for optos is that the wire breaks at the opto sender or transceiver itself. These will have to be soldered back on. Typically, the wire seems to be plain old speaker wire. The copper-colored conductor goes to the cathode 'K'; the anode 'A' gets the silver wire.

5.13.1 Opto board 520-5292-00

If there is trouble with the switch matrix, check this little opto board. It's installed in at least Batman Dark Knight, AC/DC, and several in The Rolling Stones (one is used for each position the moving Mick stops). In AC/DC, a bad board can give problems with at least the bell and the right pop bumper. If the pop bumper turns on when the ball is shot into the bell, the board is bad.

There is not much on the board. If there are general switch problems, the likeliest candidate is Q1 a BSS123 in a SOT-23 case (small) transistor. Check it with a DMM. It's a Mosfet so can not be completely checked with a DMM. On the defective board, the drain to gate pins were practically shorted.

If the opto interruptor just doesn't work, it can be replaced with a QVE11233 from Fairchild. It's the standard opto for WMS flipper boards, which is now discontinued. Stern also used a chinese substitute OS92B4. Not much can be found about it.

5.14 Trough problems

The trough design on S.A.M. games is identical to what was used on Whitestar games. See Sega/Stern_White_Star_Repair#Trough_Opto_Boards.

Stern opto boards at end of trough. And boards playfield optos plug onto. I've noticed when problems arise, to reflow the solder on the optos, and pins the connectors plug onto. This eliminates a lot of problems that arise with the optos. LTG :)

6 References

As of September 2023, Full SAM system pinball manuals, including board schematics, are available on the Stern Pinball website. https://sternpinball.com/support/game-manuals/

7 Game Specific Problems and Fixes

7.1 Pirates of the Caribbean

The spinning disc. Check your serial numbers with the service bulletin on Stern's website. Some of the early games need to have the bearings lubricated.

And if your artwork is worn off. I've found when you put on a new decal. To put clear non-slip bath tub stuff on top of it. It works just as good at flinging the balls. And doesn't wear off as fast and get messy all over the game like the original. And easily replaced. LTG :)

7.2 World Poker Tour

I bought a World Poker Tour that had been routed. When I got it, the "jail" detected balls on power-on that weren't there. Cleaning the upper playfield made it happy, since the optos assume they can see through the clear playfield. I replaced the whole upper playfield in late 2014. After a few hundred plays and three trips to California Extreme, the upper playfield was dirty enough that this problem happened again--or at least the switch became flaky. A little cleaning "fixed" it. But it's likely this will require additional cleaning every few hundred plays. ts4z (talk) 03:07, 25 November 2017 (CST)

WPT's drop target banks may need some washers inserted as shims. Stern published service bulletin 165 with the details. ts4z (talk) 15:35, 4 November 2014 (CST)

7.3 Tron Pro

Spinning disk motor dead, no power going to it. Found someone had oiled the motor which had then slung oil everywhere. Discovered oil had leeched inside the spin disc relay (assembly # 511-6919-01), burned the contacts, and blew transistor Q5 (IRL540) on the power driver board (fuse F6 was blown too). I popped the cover off the relay and cleaned out the oily mess with 99% isopropyl alcohol. Then I filed the burnt contacts and reassembled the relay. Next I replaced the bad Q5 transistor and blown fuse. That fixed the problem and the motor works again.

8 Repair Logs

Did you do a repair? Log it here as a possible solution for others.

8.1 feature lamps not working

If you have feature lamps not working, check the wiring pushed into the lamp socket. I've seen more than a few where the wire isn't making good contact where it is pushed in. Easy to push in better. LTG :)

8.2 bad opto board

I got a brand new Star Trek. After a couple days of being played at a show, the game's technician alerts reported the left ramp entrance as not registering. After I got the game home, I discovered that the under-playfield indicator on opto board 2 registered fine (it's on until the opto is blocked, then it shuts off), and grounding the two switch matrix switches registered the switch. So there must be a failure on the board. Stern tech support sent a new board under warranty and that fixed the issue. ts4z (talk) 02:28, 30 July 2015 (CDT)

8.3 Battery draining quickly

A SAM CPU board was rapidly draining the battery when the game was powered off. Power was getting from the battery to the clock at U43 and the RAM at U11. In other words, the components on the way to the clock and RAM were good (R211, D24, R212) and the diode at D25 was also good. However, when setting the time under the Utilities menu, gibberish would be output when the last entry was accepted. This indicated a problem with the clock IC at U43. Note that U43 could set the clock correctly but still be faulty and cause quick battery drain, so don't use a successful clock update as proof that U43 is good.

The clock is a SOIC-8 150 mil package. A replacement is DS1302Z+ found at mouser.com. After replacing the clock IC the game kept correct time when powered on and off, and the battery no longer drained quickly.